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India Coal
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Thermal Coal represents around 70% of India’s total energy generation and is the predominant source in the country’s energy mix currently. It is the most crucial fossil fuel for India, fulfilling 55% of its energy requirements. India holds the fourth-largest coal reserves globally, with an estimated total of 378.21 billion tonnes as of April 1, 2023. The states of Jharkhand, Odisha, and Chhattisgarh together comprise nearly 70% of India’s documented coal reserves, while Tamil Nadu possesses the largest lignite reserves.
Characteristics of Indian coal?
Low in calorific value
Indian coal has traditionally been characterized by its elevated ash content and relatively low calorific value when compared to imported coal. The gross calorific value (GCV) of domestic thermal coal typically falls within the range of 3,500 to 5500 kcal/kg, whereas imported thermal coals often exceed 6,000 kcal/kg in GCV.
High Ash Content
The average ash content of Indian coals exceeds 40%, in contrast to imported coal, which generally contains less than 10% ash.
The Quality (Grades) of Thermal Coal will be specified as follows
GCV Grades | GCV BAND (K.Cal./Kg) |
| G1 | Exceeding 7000 |
| G2 | Exceeding 6700 and not exceeding 7000 |
| G3 | Exceeding 6400 and not exceeding 6700 |
| G4 | Exceeding 6100 and not exceeding 6400 |
| G5 | Exceeding 5800 and not exceeding 6100 |
| G6 | Exceeding 5500 and not exceeding 5800 |
| G7 | Exceeding 5200 and not exceeding 5500 |
| G8 | Exceeding 4900 and not exceeding 5200 |
| G9 | Exceeding 4600 and not exceeding 4900 |
| G10 | Exceeding 4300 and not exceeding 4600 |
| G11 | Exceeding 4000 and not exceeding 4300 |
| G12 | Exceeding 3700 and not exceeding 4000 |
| G13 | Exceeding 3400 and not exceeding 3700 |
| G14 | Exceeding 3100 and not exceeding 3400 |
| G15 | Exceeding 2800 and not exceeding 3100 |
| G16 | Exceeding 2500 and not exceeding 2800 |
| G17 | Exceeding 2200 and not exceeding 2500 |
